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汉语拼音的声母和韵母（2） Initials and Finals of Chinese Pinyin (2)
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声母 Initials（2）
zh
ch
sh
r
z
c
s
韵母 Finals（2）
ou
iou (iu)
an
ian
uan
üan
en
in
uen (un)
ün
ang
iang
uang
eng
ing
ueng
ong
iong
看图片，朗读下列单音节词语
02-5
看图片，朗读下列单音节词语
Look at the pictures and read the monosyllabic words aloud.
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3
sān
shān
zhōng
yáng
0
líng
cài
shǒu
xióng
yún
xīng
yuán
rén
chuán
chuáng
chī
rè
Look at the pictures
看图片，朗读下列双音节词语 🐘 02-6
Look at the pictures and read the disyllabic words aloud.
bīngxiāng
jīdàn
sījī
zúqiú
jīchǎng
pá shān
shǒubiǎo
xióngmāo
The Neutral Tone
2 汉语的轻声 The Neutral Tone
汉语中除了四声以外，还有一个读得又短又轻的声调，叫作“轻声”。
Apart from the four tones mentioned previously, there is another tone in Chinese, which is short and light, known as “the neutral tone”. For example:
māma妈妈
yéye爷爷
nǎinai奶奶
bàba爸爸
朗读下列音节，注意轻声的读法
Read the syllables aloud and pay attention to the neutral tone.
Loading audio…
zhuōzi fángzi yǐzi guìzi
tāmen rénmen wǒmen dìdi
yīfu érzi xǐhuan rènshi
xiānsheng péngyou wǎnshang piàoliang
拼音规则：标调法和省写
3拼音规则（1）：标调法和省写 Rules of Pinyin (1): Tone Marking and Abbreviation
（1）标调法 Tone Marking
汉语拼音的声调必须标注在元音字母上。当一个韵母含有两个或者两个以上元音字母时，调号标注在开口度较大的那个元音字母上。调号标注的主要元音顺序为 a, o, e, i, u, ü，但 iu 是个例外，iu 是 iou 的省略形式，声调标注在 u 上。轻声音节不标声调。
Tone marks in Chinese pinyin are put above vowels. When there are two or more vowels in the final of a syllable, the tone should be marked on the one that is pronounced with the mouth more wide-open, the sequence being “a, o, e, i, u, ü” in the descending order. The compound final iu is an exception to this rule, in which the tone mark is put on u rather than i as iu is the abbreviation of iou. The neutral tone is unmarked.
朗读下列音节，注意声调标注的位置 Read the syllables aloud and pay attention to the positions of the tone marks.
iou、uei、uen 前面加声母的时候，写成：iu、ui、un。例如 niu、gui、lun。
When iou, uei or uen follows an initial, they are written as iu, ui and un respectively,
for example, niu, gui, lun.
朗读下列音节，注意韵母省写的部分 Read the syllables aloud and pay attention to the abbreviated finals.
xiūxi
shuì jiào
lúnchuán
niúnǎi
píjiǔ
ànguǐ
liúyán
kǎi huì
tàolùn
zuǐqǔ
Lúndūn
shīrùn
cānkǔi
shuǐguǒ
táozuǐ
shùnlǐ
课堂用语 Classroom Expressions
打开书。
Dǎkāi shū.
Open your book.
请大声读。
Qǐng dà shēng dú.
Read aloud.
再读一遍。
Zài dú yí biàn.
Read once again. / Repeat.
一起读。
Yìqǐ dú.
Read together.
有问题吗？
Yǒu wèntí ma?
Any questions?
Chinese Characters Strokes
汉Characters
汉字的笔画 (2): 𠃍、ㄥ、亅 Strokes of Chinese Characters (2): 𠃍, ㄥ, 亅
笔画名称 Stroke
运笔方向 Direction
例字 Example Characters
𠃍横折 héngzhé
horizontal-turning
𠃍
口
kǒumouth
日
rìsun
ㄥ竖折 shùzhé
vertical-turning
ㄥ
山
shānmountain
出
chūto come/go out
亅竖钩 shùgōu
vertical hook
亅
丁
dīngman, member of a family
小
xiǎosmall, little
认识独体字
认识独体字 Single – Component Characters
(1) “口”，本义是嘴巴，字形像人张开的嘴巴。 The basic meaning of “口” is “mouth”, and the character is shaped like a mouth.
kǒu
(2) “见”，字形上边是“目”，下边是“人”，意思是“睁着眼睛看”。 Its traditional form of “见” has a “目 (eye)” on the top and a “人 (person)” at the bottom, meaning “watching with eyes open”.
jiàn
(3) “山”，字形像起伏的山峰，意思是“山峰”。 “山” means “mountain” and was originally shaped like rolling mountains.
shān
(4) “小”，字形像细微的沙，现在意思与“大”相对。 “小” was originally shaped like tiny grains of sand. Now it means “small”, opposite to “大 (big)”
xiǎo
(5) “不”，原来表示一种工具，现在虚化为副词，表示否定。 “不” originally referred to a tool. Now it’s a negative adverb.
New Words 1. 你 nǐ pron. (singular) you 2. 好 hǎo adj. good, fine
音频加载中…
Nǐ hǎo! A:你好! Nǐ hǎo! B:你好! English Version A: Hello! B: Hello!
New Words 3. 您 nín pron. (polite) you 4. 你们 nǐmen pron. (plural) you
音频加载中…
Nǐn hǎo! A:您 好! Nǐmen hǎo! B:你们 好!
English Version A: Hello! B: Hello!
New Words 5.对不起 duìbuqǐ v. to be sorry 6.没关系 méi guānxi that’s OK, it doesn’t matter
音频加载中…
duì bù qǐ A:对不起! Méi guānxi! B:没 关系
English Version A: I’m sorry! B: That’s OK!
Part 2 拼音 Pinyin
汉语拼音表
1 汉语拼音的声母和韵母 (1) Initials and Finals of Chinese Pinyin (1)
声母 Initials (1)
韵母 Finals (1)
b p m f
i u ü er
d t n l
ia ie ua
g k h
e i ü
j q x
ai uai
ei uei (ui)
ao iao
2 汉语的声调（四声） Tones (Four Tones)
汉语的基本声调有四个，分别是第一声（55）、第二声（35）、第三声（214）和第四声（51）。汉语的声调有区别意义的作用。
There are four basic tones in Chinese, respectively called the 1st tone (55), the 2nd tone (35), the 3rd tone (214) and the 4th tone (51). They make difference in meaning.
mā 妈 mother
má 麻 fibrous crops
mǎ 马 horse
mà 骂 to scold
声调练习
朗读下列音节，注意声调的不同 Read the syllables aloud and pay attention to the tones.
A Chinese syllable is usually made up of an initial, a final and a tone. Generally speaking, one Chinese character corresponds to one syllable. A Chinese syllable can have no initial, but must have a final and a tone.
汉语的音节 Syllable
声母 Initial
韵母 Final
声调 Tone
māo（猫, cat）
m
ao
ˉ
yú （鱼, fish）
ü
ˊ
jiě （姐, elder sister）
j
ie
ˇ
èr （二, two）
er
ˋ
• 注意: i和ü自成音节时，韵母前增加y，ü上的两点去掉；u自成音节时，韵母前增加w。
Note: When i or ü acts as a syllable by itself, y is added before it, with the two dots on the top of ü being removed; when u acts as a syllable by itself, w is added before it.
看图片，朗读下列单音节词语 01-6
Look at the pictures and read the monosyllabic words aloud.
yī
wǔ
yú
èr
bǐ
māo
dǎo
huā
jī
qī
xié
xuě
看图，朗读下列双音节词语 🎬 01-7
Look at the pictures and read the disyllabic words aloud.
kāfēi
kělè
kǎoyā
huǒguō
dìtú
fēijī
máobǐ
ěrjī
原调
连读
变调后
nǐ (你)
hǎo (好)
ní hǎo
kě (可)
yǐ (以)
ké yǐ
fǔ (辅)
dǎo (导)
fú dǎo
朗读下列词语，注意第三声音节的读音 🎨 01-8
Read the following words aloud and pay attention to the change in the tone of the 3rd – tone syllables.
nǐ hǎo
kěyǐ
fǔdǎo
xiǎojiě
kǒuyǔ
yǔfǎ
Fǎyǔ
tǎo hǎo
liǎojiě
yǒuhǎo
yǒuǎn
shǒubǎo
Chinese Learning
课堂用语 Classroom Expressions
上课!
Shàng kè!
Class begins!
下课!
Xià kè!
Class is over!
现在休息!
Xiànzài xiūxi!
Take a break now!
看黑板!
Kàn hēibǎn!
Look at the blackboard!
跟我读!
Gēn wǒ dú!
Read after me!
汉字 Characters
1 汉字的笔画 (1)：一、丨、丿、丶、乀 Strokes of Chinese Characters (1): 一, 丨, 丿, 丶, 乀
笔画名称 Stroke
运笔方向 Direction
例字 Example Characters
一 横 héng horizontal
一 yī one 二 èr two
丨 竖 shù vertical
十 shí ten 工 gōng work, labor
丿 撇 piě left – falling
人 rén human 八 bā eight
丶 点 diǎn dot
不 bù no, not 六 liù six
乀 捺 nà right – falling
大 dà big 天 tiān sky
认识独体字
2 认识独体字 Single-Component Characters
“一”，是汉字的基本笔画，也可单独成为汉字表示数量“1”。
“一” is one of the basic strokes of Chinese characters. The single-component character “一” means “one”.
When a measure word is reduplicated, it means “every/each”, emphasizing that a specific feature is shared by every member in a certain group, usually followed by “都”. For example:
The two conjunctions are used to connect two clauses in a causative relation, the first clause being the cause and the second being the effect. One can use both or either of them in a sentence. For example:
The modal verb “能” is usually used before a verb to form the predicate indicating an ability or a possibility.
The interrogative sentence structure “能……吗?” is often used to indicate a request or hope for permission. For
example:
（1）明天下午我能去商店。
（2）你能在这儿写你的名字吗？
（3）我能坐这儿吗？
Imperative Sentences with “请”
4用“请”的祈使句 Imperative Sentences with “请”
动词“请”后加其他动词可以构成一种祈使句，委婉地表示建议、希望对方做某事。例如：
When the verb “请” is used before another verb, an imperative sentence is formed, indicating a polite suggestion or hope. For example:
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Use both English & Chinese.
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Interesting & inspiring learning materials.
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shān
zhōng
yáng
cài
shǒu
xióng
yún
xīng
yuán
rén
chuán
chuáng
chī
rè
